Human Body Excretion
To maintain the balance of substances in the body, the continuity of a stable excretion system is a must. The function of excretion system aims to eliminate the remaining materials that are not needed by the body. The process of excretion in expelling unnecessary substances is done through the disposal of liquids and gases. This process includes urinary expenditure, breath (exhalation), and sweat. The system that governs it is called the excretory system.
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In the process, there is a series of organs involved directly.
Some organs that have the function to do so include:
• Kidney
The kidney is one of the main organs in the process of removal of substances that are not needed by the body. Thanks to its sophisticated system, the kidneys are at least able to process about 190 liters of blood to get about two liters of waste products and extra fluids to be discarded. Waste and extra fluid are then processed into urine which is then flowed into the bladder through the ureter channel. In the bladder, urine will remain silent until finally full and must be removed. In the process outside the body, urine passes through the urethral tract.
The kidney is equipped with the ability to distinguish which substance is useless and still useful. Thus, in addition to filtering waste and excess fluids, the kidneys also return substances that are still needed by the body. The kidneys will sort out useful chemicals, such as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium to be returned to the body's circulation through the blood. In kidney failure, the body fails to remove all the waste and extra fluid. This results in the accumulation of liquids, electrolytes, and wasteful substances that can reach dangerous levels. In addition to decreased urine levels are removed, can occur swelling of the hands and feet.
• Heart
Another organ that is not less important in the human body's excretory system is the liver. This organ plays a role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. This is where the process of converting nutrients from food into substances that will be used by the body. The liver also becomes the storage of substances that the body needs until the time is needed.
The liver which is the largest organ in the human body is also useful for taking toxic substances. These harmful substances will then be converted into substances that are safe for the body. In addition to turning into a safe substance, the liver will also ensure that the substances are removed from the body.
• Gallbladder
The gallbladder is an organ that will pass on the fluid produced by the liver. This organ is storage and in charge of collecting bile. The gallbladder is normally able to hold about 30-80 ml of bile. When we digest foods that contain fat, the gallbladder will contract and release a little bit of liquid into the small intestine. This is done so that the fatty foods can be broken down into smaller fat droplets so it is easier to digest. It also breaks down ethanol and other acid remnants (eg ammonia) to be harmless to the body. The gallbladder also contains bilirubin which is a bile pigment. These compounds are made from old red blood cells broken down in the liver. Bilirubin is a substance that makes urine yellow and brown feces.
• Skin
In the excretion system, the skin plays a role in sweating through the sweat glands that spread throughout the skin on the body. One of the goals of sweating is to keep the body temperature cool. The release of sweat from the skin also affects the balance of salt content. When the body is overheated and sweating, the body will vaporize sweat to keep moisture. In this way then our bodies will be cooled down slowly.
• Large Intestine
If all of the above organs play a role in excreting fluid from the body, then the colon is in charge of channeling body waste in a more dense form, ie stool. All waste from the entire body will be collected in the colon before being excreted through the anus. The end portion of the colon also has a function of extraction of residual liquid that can still be used to facilitate the removal of feces.
Problems will arise when the excretion system is not working correctly. Therefore, keeping the organs above to function properly and properly must be done. If you have symptoms related to the function of the organs above, do not hesitate to contact a doctor.
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