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| Auditory Processing Disorder, Definition, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, Complications |
Auditory processing disorder is a condition when the brain is unable to process the sound that is heard properly. This condition occurs due to impaired nerve coordination between the ear and the brain. As a result, people with auditory processing disorder often receive the wrong information.
Auditory processing disorder can make it difficult for sufferers to distinguish similar words. For example, when someone says "Please, share this box," the sufferer may hear "Please, give me this frog." However, please note that this condition is not the same as deafness and learning disorders.
Auditory processing disorder is also known as central auditory processing disorder. Although it can happen to anyone, this condition is more common in children, especially boys.
Causes of Auditory Processing Disorder
It is not known exactly what causes auditory processing disorder. However, this condition is associated with the following diseases or conditions:
- Fluid buildup in the middle ear (glue ear)
- Premature birth
- Low birth weight
- History of lead exposure and poisoning
- Family history of auditory processing disorder
- Otitis media
- Brain hemorrhage
- Jaundice
- Head injury
- Multiple sclerosis
- Brain tumor
- Meningitis
- stroke
Symptoms of Auditory Processing Disorder
Symptoms of auditory processing disorder can vary in each patient, ranging from mild to severe. Some of the symptoms are:
- Difficulty distinguishing words with similar sounds, such as a box with a frog
- Difficulty understanding speech, especially when it's crowded, when other people are talking too fast, or when more than one person is talking
- Difficulty concentrating or paying attention to speech so it takes a long time to respond and often asks others to repeat what they are saying
- Difficulty remembering spoken commands, especially if the command consists of several stages
- Difficulty learning or enjoying music
- Difficult to find sound source
When to go to the doctor
Check with your doctor if you or your child experience the above symptoms. In school-age children, auditory processing disorder that is not detected and treated early can cause learning disorders. In addition, this condition can also affect the ability to speak and speak.
Auditory processing disorder is often associated with dyslexia or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These three conditions sometimes look similar, but have fundamental differences. To be sure, it is necessary to do a thorough inspection.
Diagnosis of Auditory Processing Disorder
The doctor will ask questions about the patient's symptoms and medical history. After that, the doctor will perform a thorough physical examination.
To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor will perform a hearing test. In contrast to hearing tests in general, the examination of auditory processing disorder is carried out in a more complicated and specific way, such as:
- Test the patient's ability to hear sounds with different noise backgrounds
- Test the patient's hearing ability when talking to fast-talking people
- Test the patient's listening ability when speaking with people with different accents
- Testing the patient's hearing ability in conditions with poor voice quality
In addition to the tests above, the doctor will also perform a hearing test using electrodes. This test is done by putting headphones into the patient's ears and placing electrodes on the patient's head, to assess the patient's brain response to sound.
The doctor will also perform speech and language tests as well as a cognitive examination to assess the patient's mindset. Tests to diagnose auditory processing disorder can be done when the child is 7 years old or older.
Auditory Processing Disorder Treatment
Auditory processing disorder cannot be treated. However, there are several treatment methods that can help improve the patient's hearing ability.
Especially in children, the hearing system is not fully formed until he grows up to be a teenager. Therefore, children with auditory processing disorder can train and develop their listening skills as they age.
Therapy for auditory processing disorder can be done with the help of a doctor or independently at home. Some of these therapies are:
- Hearing therapy
- Hearing therapy aims to train the patient's brain to better analyze sound. The trick is to practice detecting the source of the sound and focus on hearing certain sounds when there is noise
- Speech therapy
- Speech therapy aims to improve children's ability to communicate and recognize sounds. This therapy can also be performed on patients who have difficulty reading
- Other therapies
- Another therapy that can be done is exercises to remember things and solve problems
In addition to the above therapy, there are several things that patients can do to help improve their hearing, namely:
- Choose a seat in the front row when the teacher teaches
- Reduce or eliminate noise-producing sounds such as TVs, fans, or radios
- Using frequency modulation, which is a loudspeaker that is connected to the patient's ear
For the patient's family or colleagues, there are several things that can be done to help train the patient's listening skills, namely:
- Avoid speaking quickly, unclearly, or at length to the patient
- Speaks word for word very clearly so that the patient understands the sentence conveyed
- Use pictures to help patients understand what they are trying to convey
- Emphasize the message or command to be conveyed to the patient
- Repeating information until the patient understands the meaning of the conversation
Complications of Auditory Processing Disorder
Auditory processing disorder does not cause serious complications. However, if treated too late, this condition can cause learning disorders.
Please note, children who suffer from this condition can live a normal life and achieve achievements like other children, as long as the surrounding environment can support the process of developing their hearing ability.
Prevention of Auditory Processing Disorder
As explained above, the cause of auditory processing disorder is not known for certain. Therefore, the way to prevent this disease is also unknown.
However, you can reduce your risk of auditory processing disorder by avoiding the risk factors, especially when you are pregnant. The trick is to:
- Implement a clean lifestyle, such as regular hand washing
- Avoid exposure to chemicals, including lead and cigarette smoke
- Check your pregnancy to the doctor regularly
- Carry out immunizations according to schedule, both for mother and baby
- Avoid consumption of alcoholic beverages
- Avoid consuming foods that are dangerous for pregnant women
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