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| Causes and Risk Factors of Chronic Bronchitis |
Chronic bronchitis is a serious medical condition that can cause several disorders of the respiratory tract. To prevent this disease, you need to know what the causes and risk factors are.
Inflammation of the lower respiratory tract, especially the bronchi, which occurs for 3 months in 1 year and lasts for 2 consecutive years is categorized as chronic bronchitis.
One form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can cause severe recurrent infections, narrowing, and blockage of the airways, making it difficult for sufferers to breathe.
Given the impact on health, especially on the respiratory tract, it is important for you to know what are the causes and risk factors for chronic bronchitis in order to avoid this disease.
Causes of Chronic Bronchitis
In contrast to acute bronchitis which is often caused by viral and bacterial infections, chronic bronchitis is caused by exposure to harmful chemicals from cigarette smoke over a long period of time. The chemicals in cigarette smoke are known to irritate the respiratory tract.
In addition, air pollution and exposure to other harmful chemicals, such as from factories or the work environment, can also put you at risk for chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Bronchitis Risk Factors
In addition to exposure to substances that irritate the airways, here are some factors that can make a person more at risk of developing chronic bronchitis:
- Have a history of lung diseases, such as sinusitis, asthma, pulmonary emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis (TB), and upper respiratory tract infections
- Over 40 years old
- Have a history of genetic diseases, such as alpha-1 . antitrypsin deficiency
- Have a family history of COPD
Symptoms of chronic bronchitis are known to be similar to some other lung and respiratory tract disorders, such as coughing up phlegm, wheezing, and shortness of breath.
Usually, these symptoms are accompanied by some special symptoms, such as bluish nails, lips and skin, swollen feet, or even heart failure.
Chronic Bronchitis Treatment
If you experience some of the symptoms above, it never hurts to see a doctor. The doctor will perform several physical and supporting examinations which include:
- Pulmonary function tests, including spirometry tests
- Chest X-ray
- Blood gas analysis
- CT scan
After the test results are obtained and you are declared to have chronic bronchitis, the doctor will recommend treatment in the form of:
- Changing lifestyle
- Using certain medications, such as bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs
- Doing oxygen therapy
- Undergo a rehabilitation program
Do not hesitate to consult a doctor if you experience various respiratory symptoms that are suspected to be symptoms of chronic bronchitis. The doctor will perform a series of examinations to confirm your condition and provide appropriate treatment.
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